Medical Blog

Neuropathy type IV

Abstract

The hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSAN) are a group of rare disorders characterized by prominent sensory and autonomic neuropathy without motor involvement. We report three male cousins with chronic foot ulcers, all were affected with late-onset HSAN type 2 (HSAN2). In view of the history of consanguinity and male sex, X-linked recessive transmission was likely in our patients. According to the authors’ knowledge this is the first report of HSAN2 from Iran.  Read more…

Pick Disease

Introduction
Background

Pick disease (named after Arnold Pick) is a progressive dementia defined by clinical and pathologic criteria. Unlike Alzheimer disease, which typically presents with impairment of recent memory associated with entorhinal cortex and hippocampal dysfunction, Pick disease typically affects the frontal and/or anterolateral temporal lobes. First described in 1892, with the defining pathologic characteristics first reported by Alois Alzheimer in 1911, Pick disease is now considered by some to be part of a “complex” of neurodegenerative disorders with similar or related histopathologic and clinical features.1, 2  Read more…

Hydrocephalus
Introduction
Background

Hydrocephalus can be defined broadly as a disturbance of formation, flow, or absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that leads to an increase in volume occupied by this fluid in the central nervous system (CNS). This condition also could be termed a hydrodynamic disorder of CSF. Acute hydrocephalus occurs over days, subacute over weeks, and chronic over months or years. Conditions such as cerebral atrophy and focal destructive lesions also lead to an abnormal increase of CSF in CNS. In these situations, loss of cerebral tissue leaves a vacant space that is filled passively with CSF. Such conditions are not the result of a hydrodynamic disorder and therefore are not classified as hydrocephalus. An older misnomer used to describe these conditions was hydrocephalus ex vacuo. Read more…